Landforms are created by
Internal processes (volcanoes, earthquakes) & External processes (weathering, erosion by river, wind, glacier, sea waves)
Mountains
Steep, high land • 3 types: Fold, Block, Volcanic
Himalayas (young fold), Aravalli (old), Kilimanjaro (volcanic)
Plateaus
High flat land • Deccan (India), Tibetan (highest), East African
Plains
Flat low-lying land • Ideal for farming & settlement
Indo-Gangetic Plain (most populous)
UPSC/SSC One-Liners
- Himalayas – Young Fold Mountains
- Deccan – Lava Plateau
- Tibetan – Highest Plateau
- Indo-Gangetic – Largest Alluvial Plain
- Block Mountains – Vindhyas, Black Forest
- Glaciers erode → U-shaped valleys
- Rivers erode → V-shaped valleys
Q1. Landforms are the result of
- Only internal processes
- Only external processes
- Both internal & external processes
- Human activities only
Q2. The highest mountain range in the world is
- Andes
- Rockies
- Himalayas
- Alps
Q3. Young fold mountains are
- Aravalli
- Himalayas
- Satpura
- Nilgiri
Q4. The highest plateau in the world is
- Deccan
- Tibetan
- Patagonian
- Colorado
Q5. Deccan plateau is made of
- Granite
- Lava
- Sediments
- Sandstone
Q6. Block mountains are formed due to
- Folding
- Faulting
- Volcanism
- Erosion
Q7. Example of block mountain in India
- Himalayas
- Vindhyas
- Western Ghats
- Aravalli
Q8. Plains are best for
- Tourism
- Agriculture & settlement
- Mining
- Forestry
Q9. Glaciers create
- V-shaped valleys
- U-shaped valleys
- Canyons
- Deltas
Q10. The Indo-Gangetic plain is formed by
- Volcanic activity
- Alluvial deposits
- Wind erosion
- Glacial deposits
Q11. Oldest mountain range in India
- Himalayas
- Aravalli
- Satpura
- Vindhyas
Q12. Lava plateau in India
- Chota Nagpur
- Deccan
- Meghalaya
- Malwa
Q13. Sea waves create
- Cliffs
- Deltas
- Mountains
- Plateaus
Q14. Mushroom rocks are formed by
- River
- Glacier
- Wind
- Sea waves
Q15. The most populous plain
- Amazon
- Indo-Gangetic
- Mississippi
- Yangtze
Q16. Volcanic mountains example
- Himalayas
- Kilimanjaro
- Vindhyas
- Aravalli
Q17. Internal processes include
- Weathering
- Erosion
- Earthquakes
- Deposition
Q18. Sand dunes are formed by
- River
- Wind
- Glacier
- Sea waves
Q19. East African plateau is famous for
- Rift valleys
- Volcanoes
- Lava
- All of these
Q20. Mountains are useful because they
- Block rainfall
- Cause rainfall
- Both
- None
Q21. Plateaus are rich in
- Minerals
- Forests
- Agriculture
- Population
Q22. River erosion creates
- U-shaped valleys
- V-shaped valleys
- Canyons
- Both b & c
Q23. Black Forest is a
- Fold mountain
- Block mountain
- Volcanic mountain
- Residual mountain
Q24. Loess plains are formed by
- River
- Wind
- Glacier
- Sea waves
Q25. Meanders are formed by
- Glaciers
- Rivers
- Wind
- Sea waves
Q26. Residual mountains are formed by
- Folding
- Erosion
- Volcanism
- Faulting
Q27. Aravalli is an example of
- Young fold
- Old fold
- Block
- Residual
Q28. The work of wind is prominent in
- Deserts
- Mountains
- Plains
- Coastal areas
Q29. Delta is formed by
- Glacier
- River
- Wind
- Sea waves
Q30. Mountains affect climate by
- Blocking winds
- Causing rainfall
- Both
- None
Q1. Describe the three types of mountains with examples.
Answer: 1. Fold (Himalayas), 2. Block (Vindhyas), 3. Volcanic (Kilimanjaro)
Q2. How are plateaus useful to man?
Answer: Rich in minerals, good for farming (Deccan), scenic beauty, water storage.
Q3. Why are plains most suitable for human habitation?
Answer: Flat land → easy construction, fertile soil → agriculture, good transport network.
Q4. Explain the work of a river in forming landforms.
Answer: Upper course → V-shaped valleys, waterfalls; Middle → meanders; Lower → delta.
Q5. Differentiate between internal and external processes.
Answer: Internal → earthquakes, volcanoes; External → weathering, erosion by agents.
Q6. How do mountains influence climate?
Answer: Block winds, cause orographic rainfall on windward side, rain shadow on leeward side.